A multiple-position front seat shoulder safety belt anchor that is height-adjustable to allow a comfortable and proper fit of the outboard safety belts.

The footrest found to the left of the left-most pedal (the accelerator, parking brake or clutch pedal, depending on model) where the driver can rest their foot and brace themselves during hard cornering.

Also known as a trunklid, the hinged panel at the rear of the vehicle that provides access to the luggage compartment.

The load in pounds required to deflect or compress a spring one inch.

A feature designed to defog the rear glass quickly and assist in melting snow and ice. Required in some states. The electric rear-window defroster features a silver-filled ceramic heating grid silk- screened on the inside of the glass and includes an instrument panel indicator light and a timer for automatic shutoff. Lines in the heating grid are widely spaced so they do not interfere with rear vision.

Part of the heating/cooling ventilation system used to help clear the mist from the inside of the windows. Generally associated with the side windows to aid in side mirror visibility.

All new vehicles sold in the U.S. must meet federal criteria for their designated seating capacity, including safety belts provided for each designated seating position.

Also known as engine knocking or pre-ignition, detonation is caused by ignition of the air/fuel mixture in the combustion chamber independent of the spark plug firing This condition is an engine malfunction and can often be eliminated by a regular tune-up

A system of gears in the final drive assembly of a vehicle to transmit torque to the driving wheels regardless of whether the vehicle is moving straight ahead or turning a corner The differential allows the wheels to turn at different speeds while delivering equal torque When cornering, the driving wheel on the inside of the turn travels in a smaller radius than the outside wheel to prevent the outside wheel from dragging in the turn

• Center Differential
  A differential used in four-wheel-drive vehicles to distribute power to the front and rear differentials.
• Differential, Locking
  The same attributes of a standard differential, except that when one wheel is slipping, the most torque is supplied to the wheel with best traction. A locking differential reduces the possibility of a vehicle becoming immobile when one driving wheel loses traction.

Engine displacement is the measure of the total cylindrical volume through which the pistons of an engine move from one end of the stroke to the other. The formula to determine the displacement of an engine is:

• Displacement = .7854 x Bore x Bore x Stroke x Number of Cylinders
  For example: The displacement of the 4.6L V-8 (281-cid) engine is: 280.3 (0.7854 x 3.55 x 3.55 x 3.54 x 8).

The dipping of a vehicle’s nose that occurs when the brakes are applied and the load is transferred from the rear to the front suspension.

An engine design in which two camshafts are fitted atop the cylinder head, one to operate the intake valves and the other to operate the exhaust valves, resulting in improved performance and fuel efficiency.

Dual-overhead camshaft (DOHC) engines incorporate two overhead camshafts, instead of pushrod technology, to maximize performance and improve fuel economy, allowing small-displacement engines to make more horsepower.

The percentage of a given vehicle’s parts that are manufactured (versus assembled) in the United States as determined by the manufacturer and shown in the Domestic Content Label on a new vehicle.

All Ford vehicles produced on or after October 1, 1995 bear a Domestic Content Label affixed to the fuel economy label, price sticker or other readily visible label This label communicates:

• Vehicle line average percentage (value- based) of domestic content (U.S. and Canadian)
• The names of at least two of the countries (if any) providing 15 percent or more (by value) of all components
• City and country of final assembly
• The country of origin of the engine and transmission/transaxle

Ford car and light truck doors are formed into a sturdy box unit by using double-panel construction. Most use bronze-brushed hinges that are oil-impregnated.

These initials stand for Durability, Quality and Reliability, an evaluation of a vehicle’s construction and overall performance.

A measure of a vehicle’s efficiency as an aerodynamic shape, useful for comparison with other vehicle designs. It is a mathematical factor that, when multiplied by the projected square footage area of the vehicle, gives its drag force in pounds. C d is derived by measuring the drag force and dividing it by the product of dynamic pressure and vehicle frontal area. Drag coefficient (C d ) = force/dynamic pressure x frontal area; the lower the C d number, the better the aerodynamic efficiency

A subjective measure of a vehicle’s overall operating quality, as defined by the combination of its powertrain, steering and braking systems. For example: a sports car is considered to have better driveability characteristics than a tow truck.

The components that connect the transmission/transaxle to the driving axle, including the universal/constant velocity joints and driveshaft/halfshafts.

The shaft that transmits power from the transmission to the axle differential assembly on rear-wheel-drive vehicles.

Also called the driveline, it includes all power-transmitting components such as the clutch, transaxle/transmission and drive axle.

Dual Rear Wheels